ترجمة معاني سورة المائدة
باللغة الإنجليزية من كتاب ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - عادل صلاحي
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Believers, be true to your contracts. Lawful to you is the [flesh of the] beasts of cattle, other than that which is specifically prohibited. But you are not allowed to hunt while you are in the state of consecration. God decrees what He will.
Believers, do not offend against the symbols set up by God, or against the sacred month, or the offerings or the garlands, or against those who repair to the Sacred House, seeking God’s grace and pleasure. Only when you are clear of the Sacred Precincts and released from the state of consecration may you hunt. Do not let your hatred of people who would debar you from the Sacred Mosque lead you into aggression; but rather help one another in furthering righteousness and piety, and do not help one another in furthering evil and aggression. Have fear of God, for God is severe in retribution.
Forbidden to you are carrion, blood, the flesh of swine; and that over which any name other than God’s has been invoked; and the animal that has been strangled, or beaten to death, or killed by a fall, or gored to death, or savaged by a beast of prey, except that which you may have slaughtered when it is still alive; and [forbidden to you are] animals that have been slaughtered on idolatrous altars. And [forbidden also] is the division [of meat] by raffling with arrows; for all this is sinful. Today, the unbelievers have lost all hope of your religion. Have no fear of them, then, but fear Me alone. This day I have perfected your religion for you and have bestowed on you the full measure of My blessings and have chosen Islam as a religion for you. He who is forced by hunger [to eat of what is forbidden], with no inclination to commit sin, [will find] God much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
They ask you what is lawful to them. Say: Lawful to you are all good things of life. As for those hunting animals which you train by imparting to them something of the knowledge God has imparted to you, you may eat of what they catch for you. But mention God’s name over it and have fear of God; indeed, God is swift in reckoning.
Today, all the good things of life have been made lawful to you. The food of those who were given revelations is lawful to you, and your food is lawful to them. And the virtuous women from among the believers and the virtuous women from among those who were given revelations before you [are also lawful to you] when you give them their dowries, taking them in honest wedlock, not in fornication, nor as mistresses. Anyone who rejects the faith [will find that] all his works will be in vain. In the life to come he shall be among the losers.
Believers, when you are about to pray, wash your faces, and your hands and arms up to the elbows, and pass your wet hands lightly over your heads, and wash your feet up to the ankles. If you are in a state of ceremonial impurity, purify yourselves. But If you are ill, or on a journey, or if one of you has come from the toilet, or if you have been in intimate contact with women and can find no water, then have recourse to pure dust, passing therewith lightly over your faces and your hands. God does not want to impose any hardship on you, but He wants to purify you, and to bestow on you the full measure of His blessings, so that you may be grateful.
Remember always the blessings God has bestowed on you and the covenant with which He has bound you when you said: ‘we have heard and we obey’. Hence, remain God-fearing. Surely God has full knowledge of the secrets of people’s hearts.
Believers, be steadfast in your devotion to God, bearing witness to the truth in all equity. Never allow your hatred of any people to lead you away from justice. Be just, this is closer to righteousness. And remain God-fearing. Surely, God is aware of all that you do.
God has promised those who believe and do righteous deeds that they shall have forgiveness of sins and a rich reward.
As for those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations, these are destined for the blazing Fire.
Believers, remember the blessings God has bestowed on you, when certain people designed to stretch against you their hands, but He stayed their hands from you. Remain, then, God-fearing. In God let the believers place their trust.
Indeed, God made a covenant with the Children of Israel and We appointed among them twelve captains. God Said: I shall be with you. If you attend to your prayers, practise regular charity, believe in My messengers and support them and offer up to God a generous loan, I shall forgive you your sins and admit you into gardens through which running waters flow. But any of you who, after this, rejects the faith will indeed have strayed from the right path.
Then for having broken their covenant, We rejected them and caused their hearts to harden. They now distort the meaning of [revealed] words, taking them out of their context. Moreover, they have forgotten much of what they have been told to bear in mind. From all but a few of them you will always experience treachery. But pardon them, and forbear. God loves those who do good.
Likewise, from those who said, ‘We are Christians’, We have accepted a firm covenant, but they, too, have forgotten much of what they had been told to bear in mind. Therefore, We have given rise among them to enmity and hatred to last until the Day of Resurrection. God will make clear to them what they have done.
People of earlier revelations, Our Messenger has come to you to make clear to you much of what you have been concealing of the Scriptures, and to forgive you much. There has come to you from God a light and a clear Book,
through which God guides those who seek His good pleasure to the paths of peace. By His grace, He leads them out of darkness into light and guides them to a straight way.
Unbelievers indeed are they who say: ‘God is the Christ, son of Mary’. Say: Who could have prevailed with God in any way had it been His will to destroy the Christ, son of Mary, and his mother, and everyone on earth? To God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them. He creates what He wills and God has power over all things.
Both the Jews and the Christians say: ‘We are God’s children and His loved ones’. Say: ‘Why then does He punish you for your sins? You are only human beings of His creation. He forgives whom He will and punishes whom He will. To God belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and to Him all shall return’.
People of earlier revelations! Now after an interval during which no messengers have appeared, Our Messenger has come to you to make things plain to you, lest you say: ‘No one has come to give us good news or to warn us’. Now there has come to you a bearer of good news and a warner. God has power over all things.
And so Moses said to his people: ‘My people, remember the favours which God has bestowed upon you when He raised up prophets among you, made you kings and granted you what He has not granted to any other community.
My people, enter the holy land which God has assigned to you. Do not turn your backs, for then you will be lost’.
‘Moses’, they answered, ‘mighty people dwell in that land, and we will surely not enter it unless they depart from it. If they do depart, then we will enter’.
Thereupon two men who were God-fearing and on whom God had bestowed His grace said: ‘Go in upon them through the gate. As soon as you enter it, you shall be victorious. In God you should place your trust, if you are true believers’.
They said, ‘Moses, we will never go in so long as they are in it. Go forth, then, you and your Lord, and fight, both of you. We shall stay here’.
‘Lord’, he said, ‘I am master of none but myself and my brother. Do, then, draw a dividing line between us and these transgressing folk’.
He replied, ‘This land shall, then, be forbidden to them for forty years, during which they will wander aimlessly on earth. Do not grieve for these wrongdoing folk’.
Relate to them in all truth the story of the two sons of Adam: how each offered a sacrifice, and it was accepted from one of them while it was not accepted from the other. [The latter] said: ‘I will surely kill you.’ [The other] replied: ‘God accepts only from those who are God-fearing.
Even if you lay your hand on me to kill me, I shall not lay my hand on you to kill you; for I fear God, the Lord of all worlds.
I would rather you should add your sin against me to your other sins, and thus you will be destined to the Fire; since that is the just retribution of wrongdoers’.
His evil soul drove him to kill his brother; and he murdered him, and thus he became one of the lost.
God then sent forth a raven which scratched the earth, to show him how he might conceal the nakedness of his brother’s body. He cried out: ‘Woe to me! Am I then too weak to do what this raven has done, and to conceal the nakedness of my brother’s body?’ He was then overwhelmed by remorse.
Because of this did We ordain to the Children of Israel that if anyone slays a human being, for anything other than in punishment of murder or for spreading corruption on earth, it shall be as though he had slain all mankind; and that if anyone saves a human life, it shall be as though he had saved all mankind. Our messengers brought them clear evidence of the truth, but despite all this, many of them continue to commit all manner of excesses on earth.
It is but a just punishment of those who make war on God and His Messenger, and endeavour to spread corruption on earth, that they should be put to death, or be crucified, or have their hands and feet cut off on alternate sides or that they should be banished from the land. Such is their disgrace in this world, and more grievous suffering awaits them in the life to come;
except those who repent before you overpower them. For you must know that God is much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
Believers, fear God and seek the means to come closer to Him, and strive hard in His cause, so that you may be successful.
If those who disbelieve had all that is on earth and as much besides to offer as ransom from the suffering of the Day of Resurrection, it would not be accepted from them. Theirs shall be a painful suffering.
They will wish to come out of the Fire, but they shall not come out of it. Theirs shall be a long-lasting suffering.
As for the man or the woman who is guilty of stealing, cut off their hands in requital for what they have wrought, as an exemplary punishment ordained by God. God is almighty, wise.
But whoever repents after having thus done wrong, and makes amends, shall have his repentance accepted by God. God is much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
Do you not know that to God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth? He punishes whom He wills and forgives whom He wills. God has power over all things.
Messenger, be not grieved by those who plunge headlong into unbelief; such as those who say with their mouths, ‘We believe’, while their hearts do not believe. Among the Jews are some who eagerly listen to falsehood, eagerly listen to other people who have not come to you. They tamper with words out of their context, and say, ‘If such-and-such [a precept] is given you, accept it; but if you are not given it, then be on your guard.’ If God wants to put anyone to test, you shall not be able to avail him anything against God. Such are the ones whose hearts God is not willing to purify. They will have disgrace in this world, and grievous suffering in the life to come.
They eagerly listen to falsehood and greedily devour what is unlawful. Hence, if they come to you [for judgement], you may either judge between them or decline to interfere. If you decline, they cannot harm you in any way. But if you do judge, then judge between them with fairness. God loves those who deal justly.
But how is it that they ask you for judgement when they have the Torah which contains God’s judgement, and they still turn away? For certain, they are not true believers.
Indeed, it is We who revealed the Torah, containing guidance and light. By it did the prophets, who had surrendered themselves to God, judge among the Jews, and so did the devouts and the rabbis: [they gave judgement] in accordance with what had been entrusted to their care of God’s Book and to which they themselves were witnesses. So, have no fear of men but fear Me; and do not barter away My revelations for a paltry price. Those who do not judge in accordance with what God has revealed are indeed unbelievers.
We decreed for them in it: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and a similar retribution for wounds. But for him who forgoes it out of charity, it will atone for some of his sins. Those who do not judge in accordance with what God has revealed are indeed wrongdoers.
We caused Jesus, the son of Mary, to follow in the footsteps of those [earlier prophets], confirming what had already been revealed before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel, containing guidance and light, confirming what had already been revealed before it in the Torah and giving guidance and admonition to the God-fearing.
Let, then, the followers of the Gospel judge in accordance with what God has revealed therein. Those who do not judge in accordance with what God has revealed are indeed transgressors.
And to you We have revealed the Book, setting forth the truth, confirming the Scriptures which had already been revealed before it and superseding them. Judge, then, between them in accordance with what God has revealed and do not follow their vain desires, forsaking thereby the truth that has come to you. To every one of you We have given a code of law and a way of life. Had God so willed, He could have made you all one community; but [it is His wish] to test you by means of that which He has bestowed on you. Vie, then, with one another in doing good works. To God you shall all return. He will then make you understand all that over which you now differ.
Hence, judge between them in accordance with what God has revealed, and do not follow their vain desires and beware of them lest they tempt you away from any part of what God has revealed to you. If they turn away, then know that it is God’s will to afflict them for some of their sins. Indeed, a great many people are transgressors.
Do they desire to be ruled by the law of pagan ignorance? But for those who are firm in their faith, who can be a better law-giver than God?
Believers, do not take the Jews and the Christians for your allies. They are allies of one another. Whoever of you allies himself with them is indeed one of them. God does not bestow His guidance on the wrongdoers.
Yet you see those who are sick at heart rush to their defence, saying, ‘We fear lest a change of fortune should befall us’. God may well bring about victory (for believers) or some other event of His own making, and those [waverers] will terribly regret the thought they had secretly harboured within themselves.
The believers will say: ‘Are these the self-same people who swore by God their most solemn oaths that they were with you?’ All their works are in vain and they will lose all.
Believers, if you renounce your faith, God will bring forth [in your stead] people whom He loves and who love Him, humble towards the believers, proud towards the unbelievers. They will strive hard for God’s cause and will not fear to be censured by any critic. Such is God’s favour which He grants to whom He wills. God encompasses all and knows all.
Your patron is only God, and His Messenger and those who believe - those who attend to their prayers, pay their zakat and bow down in worship.
Those who ally themselves with God and His Messenger and the believers [will find that] the party of God will be victorious.
Believers, do not take for your friends those among the people of earlier revelations who mock at your faith and make a jest of it or those who are unbelievers. Fear God, if you are truly believers.
For, when you call to prayer, they mock at it and make a jest of it. They do this because they are people who do not use their reason.
Say: People of earlier revelations! Do you find fault with us for any reason other than that we believe in God [alone], and in that which has been revealed to us as well as that which has been revealed previously, while most of you are transgressors?
Say: Shall I tell you who, in God’s sight, deserves an even worse retribution than these? They whom God has rejected and who have incurred His anger, and whom He has turned into apes and pigs, and who worship false gods. These are yet worse in station and they have gone farther astray from the right path.
When they come to you, they say: ‘We believe’, whereas, in fact, they come unbelievers and depart unbelievers. God is fully aware of all that they would conceal.
You see many of them rushing into sin and transgression and in devouring the fruits of unlawful gain. Evil indeed is that which they do.
Why do not their devouts and their rabbis forbid them to make sinful assertions and to devour the fruits of unlawful gain? Evil indeed is that which they contrive.
The Jews say: ‘God’s hand is shackled!’ It is their own hands that are shackled. Rejected [by God] are they for what they say. Indeed, both His hands are outstretched. He bestows [His bounty] as He wills. But that which has been revealed to you by your Lord is bound to make many of them more stubborn in their overweening arrogance and unbelief. We have cast enmity and hatred among them, [to last] until the Day of Resurrection. Every time they light a fire for war, God puts it out. They labour hard to spread corruption on earth; and God does not love those who spread corruption.
If only the people of earlier revelations would believe and be God-fearing, We should indeed efface their [past] bad deeds, and bring them into gardens of bliss.
If they would observe the Torah and the Gospel and all that has been revealed to them by their Lord, they would indeed be given abundance from above and from beneath. Some of them do pursue a right course, but many of them are of evil conduct.
Messenger, proclaim what has been revealed to you by your Lord. For, unless you do it fully, you will not have delivered His message. God will protect you from all men. God does not guide those who reject faith.
Say: ‘People of earlier revelations, you have no ground to stand upon unless you observe the Torah and the Gospel and that which has been revealed to you by Your Lord’. That which is revealed to you by your Lord is bound to make many of them even more stubborn in their arrogance and disbelief. But do not grieve for unbelieving folk.
Those who believe, and those who are Jews, and the Sabians, and the Christians – anyone who believes in God and the Last Day and does what is right shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.
Surely, We accepted a solemn pledge from the Children of Israel, and We sent to them messengers. But every time a messenger came to them with something that was not to their liking, [they rebelled:] some they denounced as liars and some they put to death.
They reckoned no harm would come to them, so they were wilfully blind and deaf [to the truth]. Thereafter, God accepted their repentance: still many of them acted blind and deaf. But God sees all that they do.
Unbelievers indeed are those who say: ‘God is the Christ, son of Mary’. The Christ himself said: ‘Children of Israel, worship God, my Lord and your Lord’. Whoever associates partners with God, God shall forbid him entrance into Paradise and his abode will be the Fire. Wrongdoers will have no helpers.
Unbelievers indeed are those who say: ‘God is the third of a trinity’. Of certain, there is no god save the One God. Unless they desist from so saying, painful suffering will surely befall those of them who are unbelievers.
Will they not, then, turn to God in repentance and seek His forgiveness? God is much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
The Christ, son of Mary, was but a messenger: other messengers have passed away before him. His mother was a saintly woman. They both ate food [like other human beings]. Behold how clear We make [Our] revelations to them and behold how perverted they are.
Say: Would you worship in place of God anything that has no power to harm or to benefit you? It is God alone who hears all and knows all.
Say: People of earlier revelations! Do not overstep the bounds of truth in your religious beliefs, and do not follow the vain desires of those who have gone astray in the past, and have led many others astray and are still straying from the right path.
Those of the Children of Israel who disbelieved were cursed by David and Jesus, son of Mary. That was because they rebelled and persisted in their transgression.
They would never restrain one another from wrongdoing. Vile indeed were the things they did.
Now you can see many of them allying themselves with unbelievers. So evil is that which their souls make them do. They have incurred God’s wrath and in suffering they shall abide.
Had they truly believed in God and the Prophet and all that which was revealed to them, they would not have taken them for allies, but many of them are evildoers.
You will certainly find that, of all people, the most hostile to those who believe are the Jews, and those who associate partners with God; and you will certainly find that the nearest of them in affection to the believers are those who say, ‘We are Christians’. This is so because there are priests and monks among them and because they are not given to arrogance.
When they listen to what has been revealed to God’s Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears because of the Truth they recognise. They say: ‘Our Lord, we do believe; so enrol us among those who bear witness to the truth’.
‘How could we fail to believe in God and the truth that has come to us when we dearly hope that our Lord will admit us among the righteous?’
And for this their prayer God will reward them with gardens through which running waters flow, where they will abide. Such is the reward of those who do good;
, while those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations are destined for the blazing Fire.
Believers, do not forbid yourselves the good things God has made lawful to you. Do not exceed the bounds; God does not love those who exceed the transgressors.
Eat of what God has provided for you of lawful and wholesome things, and have fear of God in whom you believe.
God will not take you to task for those of your oaths which you may utter without thought, but He will take you to task for oaths which you have sworn in earnest. The breaking of an oath must be atoned for by the feeding of ten needy people with more or less the same food as you normally give to your own families, or by clothing them, or by the freeing of one slave. He who cannot afford any of these shall fast three days instead. This shall be the atonement for your oaths when you have sworn [and broken them]. But be mindful of your oaths. Thus God makes clear to you His revelations, so that you may give thanks.
Believers, intoxicants, games of chance, idolatrous practices and divining arrows are abominations devised by Satan. Therefore, turn away from them so that you may be successful.
Satan seeks only to stir up enmity and hatred among you by means of intoxicants and games of chance, and to turn you away from the remembrance of God and from prayer. Will you not, then, desist?
Obey God, and obey the Messenger, and be ever on your guard. But if you turn away, then know that Our Messenger’s only duty is a clear delivery of the message [entrusted to him].
Those who believe and do righteous deeds shall have no blame attached to them for any food they may have eaten, so long as they fear God and truly believe and do righteous deeds, and continue to fear God and believe, and remain God-fearing and persevere in doing good. God loves those who do good.
Believers, God will certainly try you by means of game which may come within the reach of your hands or your spears, so that God may mark out those who truly fear Him in their hearts. Whoever transgresses after all this will have painful suffering.
Believers, kill no game while you are on pilgrimage. Whoever of you kills game by design shall make amends in cattle equivalent to what he has killed, adjudged by two people of probity among you, to be brought as an offering to the Ka[bah; or else he may atone for his sin by feeding some needy people, or by its equivalent in fasting, so that he may taste the evil consequences of his deeds. God has forgiven what is past; but whoever repeats his offence, God will inflict His retribution on him. God is almighty, and He exacts retribution.
Lawful to you is all water-game, and whatever food the sea brings forth, as a provision for you and for travellers. However, you are forbidden land-game as long as you are in the state of consecration [ihram]. Be conscious of God, to whom you shall all be gathered.
God has made the Ka[bah, the Inviolable House of Worship, a symbol for all mankind; and so too the sacred month and the garlanded sacrificial offerings. This, so that you may know that God is aware of all that is in the heavens and the earth, and that God has full knowledge of everything.
Know that God is severe in retribution and that God is much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
The Messenger’s duty is but to deliver the message [entrusted to him]. God knows all that you reveal, and all that you conceal.
Say: ‘Evil and good are not equal, even though the abundance of evil may be pleasing to you. Have fear of God, you who are endowed with understanding, so that you may be successful’.
Believers, do not ask about matters which, if made known to you, may cause you hardship. If you should ask about them while the Qur’an is being revealed, they shall be made plain to you. God will forgive you these; for God is much-forgiving, clement.
People before your time inquired about them, and on that account they came to deny the truth.
It was not God who instituted [superstitions like those of] a slit-ear she camel, or a she-camel let loose for free pasture, or idol sacrifices for twin-births in animals, or stallion-camels freed from work. It is unbelievers who attribute their own lying inventions to God. Most of them never use their reason.
When they are told, ‘Come to that which God has revealed and to the Messenger’, they reply, ‘Sufficient for us are the ways we found our fathers following’. Why, even though their fathers knew nothing and were devoid of all guidance?
Believers, it is but for your own souls that you are accountable. Those who go astray can do you no harm if you [yourselves] are on the right path. To God you all must return. He will then make you understand all that you were doing [in life].
Believers, let there be witnesses to what you do when death approaches you and you are about to make bequests: two people of probity from among your own people, or two others from outside, if the pangs of death come to you when you are travelling through the land. Detain them both after prayer, and if you have any doubt in mind, let them swear by God, ‘We shall not sell this [our word] for any price, even though it were for a near kinsman; and neither shall we conceal anything of what we have witnessed before God; for then we should be among the sinful’.
But if afterwards it should come to light that the two [witnesses] have been guilty of [this very] sin, then two others should replace them from among those immediately concerned. Both shall swear by God, ‘Our testimony is indeed truer than that of these two. We have not transgressed the bounds of what is right; for then we should be among the evil-doers’.
Thus it will be more likely that people will offer testimony in accordance with the truth; or else they will fear that the oaths of others may be taken after their oaths. Have fear of God and hearken [to Him]. God does not guide those who are iniquitous.
On the day when God will gather all [His] messengers and ask them, ‘What response did you receive?’ – they will answer, ‘We have no knowledge. Indeed, it is You alone who has full knowledge of all that lies beyond the reach of human perception’.
God will say: ‘Jesus, son of Mary! Remember the blessings which I bestowed on you and your mother: how I strengthened you with the Holy Spirit, so that you could speak to people in your cradle, and as a grown man; how I instructed you in the Book and in wisdom, in the Torah and in the Gospel; how by My leave you fashioned from clay the figure of a bird and breathed into it so that, by My leave, it became a living bird; how, by My leave, you healed the blind man and the leper, and by My leave restored the dead to life; how I prevented the Children of Israel from harming you when you came to them with all evidence of the truth: when those of them who disbelieved declared: ‘This is plain sorcery’.
‘And when I inspired the disciples to have faith in Me and in My messenger; they said: “We believe; and bear you witness that we have surrendered ourselves [to God]’.”
The disciples said: ‘Jesus, son of Mary! Can your Lord send down to us a repast from heaven?’ He answered: ‘Fear God, if you are truly believers’.
Said they: ‘We desire to eat of it, so that our hearts are reassured and that we know that you have spoken the truth to us, and that we may be witness of it’.
‘God, our Lord’, said Jesus, son of Mary, ‘send down upon us a repast from heaven: it shall be an ever-recurring feast for us – for the first and the last of us – and a sign from You. And provide us our sustenance, for You are the best provider’.
God replied: ‘I am sending it down to you. But whoever of you disbelieves after this, I shall inflict on him suffering the like of which I have not inflicted on anyone in the world’.
And God will say: ‘Jesus, son of Mary! Did you say to people, “Worship me and my mother as deities beside God?”’ [Jesus] answered: ‘Limitless are You in Your glory! I could never have claimed what I have no right to [say]! Had I said this, You would certainly have known it. You know all that is within myself, whereas I do not know what is in Yourself. Most certainly, it is You alone who fully knows all that lies beyond the reach of human perception’.
‘Nothing did I tell them beyond what You bade me [to say]: “Worship God, who is my Lord and your Lord”. I was witness to what they did as long as I lived in their midst. Then when You took me to Yourself, You have been watching over them. You are indeed a witness to all things.’
‘If You punish them, they are Your servants; and if You forgive them, You are indeed the Almighty, the Wise.’
God will say: ‘This is the day when their truthfulness shall benefit all who have been truthful. Theirs shall be gardens through which running waters flow, where they will abide forever. God is well-pleased with them, and they are well-pleased with Him. That is the supreme triumph.
To God belongs all sovereignty over the heavens and the earth and all they contain. He has power over all things.
