ترجمة معاني سورة النساء باللغة الإنجليزية من كتاب ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - عادل صلاحي

عادل صلاحي

ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم - عادل صلاحي

عادل صلاحي

Test the orphans [in your charge] until they reach a marriageable age; then, if you find them of sound judgement, hand over to them their property, and do not consume it by wasteful and hasty spending before they come of age. Let him who is rich abstain generously [from his ward’s property], but he who is poor may partake of it in a fair manner. When you hand over to them their property, let there be witnesses on their behalf. God is sufficient as a reckoner.
‘When other kinsfolk, orphans and needy people are present at the distribution of inheritance, give them something out of it, and speak to them in a kindly way’.
‘Let those who, if they themselves had to leave behind weak offspring, would feel fear on their account, be afraid [to wrong the orphans in their charge], let them fear God and speak in a just manner.
God has this to enjoin on you with regard to your children: The male shall have a share equal to that of two females. If there are more than two women, they shall have two-thirds of what [their parents] leave behind; and if there is only one, she shall have one-half of it. As for the parents [of the deceased], each of them shall have one sixth of what he leaves behind, in the event of his having a child; but if he leaves no children, and his parents be his heirs, then his mother shall have one-third; and if he has brothers and sisters, his mother shall have one-sixth after any bequest he may have made, or any outstanding debt [has been deducted from the total estate]. With regard to your parents and your children, you do not know which of them is of more benefit to you. This is, therefore, an ordinance from God. God is all-knowing, wise.
You shall inherit one half of what your wives leave behind, provided that they have left no child; but if they have left a child, then you shall have one-quarter of what they leave behind, after [deducting] any bequest they may have made or any outstanding debt. And they [your widows] shall-inherit one quarter of what you leave behind, provided that you have left no child; but if you have left a child, then they shall have one-eighth of what you leave behind, after [deducting] any bequest you may have made or any outstanding debt. If a man or a woman has no heir in the direct line, but has a brother or a sister, then each of them shall inherit one-sixth; but if there be more, then they shall share in one-third, after [deducting] any bequest which may have been made or any outstanding debt, neither of which having been intended to harm [the heirs]. This is a commandment from God; and God is all-knowing, clement.
But whoever disobeys God and His Messenger, and transgresses His bounds, him will He commit to the Fire, there to abide forever; and shameful torment awaits him.
Believers, it is unlawful for you to inherit women against their will, or to bar them from remarrying so that you may make off with part of what you have given them, except when they are guilty of a flagrant indecency. Consort with them in a goodly manner. Even if you are averse to them, it may well be that you are averse to something in which God has placed much good.
Forbidden to you [in marriage] are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your aunts paternal and maternal, your brother’s daughters and your sister’s daughters, your mothers who have given suck to you, your suckling sisters, the mothers of your wives, your step­daughters - who are your foster children - born to your wives with whom you have consummated your marriage; but if you have not consummated your marriage with them, you will incur no sin [by marrying their daughters],1 and the wives of your own begotten sons; and [you are forbidden] to have two sisters as your wives at one and the same time, unless it be a thing of the past. God is much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
And [forbidden to you are] all married women, other than those whom your right hands possess. This is God’s ordinance, binding upon you. Lawful to you are all women other than these, provided that, offering them of your own possessions, you seek to take them in wedlock, not in fornication. To those with whom you seek to enjoy marriage, you shall give the dowries due to them; but you will incur no sin if you agree among yourselves on any voluntary arrangement even after what has been stipulated by way of duty. God is indeed all-knowing, wise.
Any of you who, owing to circumstances, is not in a position to marry a free believing woman may marry a believing maiden from among those whom your right hands possess. God knows all about your faith: you belong to one another. Marry them, then, with their people’s consent and give them their dowries in an equitable manner, as chaste women who give themselves in honest wedlock, not in fornication, nor as women who have secret love companions. If after their marriage, they are guilty of gross immoral conduct, they shall be liable to half the penalty to which free women are liable. This provision applies to those of you who fear to stumble into sin. Yet it is better for you to be patient. God is much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
Men shall take full care of women with the bounties with which God has favoured some of them more abundantly than others, and with what they may spend of their own wealth. The righteous women are devout, guarding the intimacy which God has ordained to be guarded. As for those women from whom you have reason to fear rebellion, admonish them [first]; then leave them alone in bed; waḍribūhunn.2 Then, if they pay you heed, do not seek any pretext to harm them. God is indeed most high, great.
If you have reason to fear that a breach may occur between a [married] couple, appoint an arbiter from among his people and an arbiter from among her people. If they both want to set things aright, God will bring about their reconciliation. God is indeed all knowing, aware of all things.
Believers, do not attempt to pray when you are drunk, [but wait] until you know what you are saying; nor when you are in a state of ceremonial impurity,3 except if you are on your way, until you have bathed. But if you are ill, or travelling, or if one of you has come from the toilet, or if you have cohabited with your wife and can find no water, then have recourse to pure dust, passing therewith lightly over your faces and your hands. God is indeed most lenient, much-forgiving.
Among those of the Jewish faith there are some who take (revealed) words out of their context and say: ‘We have heard, but we disobey’ and, ‘Hear; may you be bereft of hearing’, and, ‘Hearken to us’. Thus they distort the phrases with their tongues and imply that the true faith is false. Had they but said: ‘We have heard and we pay heed’, and ‘Hear us and have patience with us’, it would have been for their own good and more proper. God has rejected them for their disbelief. It is only a few of them that believe.
Have they, perchance, a share in [God’s] dominion? If so, they would not give other people so much as [would fill] the groove of a date-stone.
But how will it be when calamity befalls them [on the Day of Judgement] because of what their hands have done in this world? They would then come to you, swearing by God, ‘Our aim was but to do good, and to bring about harmony’.
We have sent every messenger so that he should be obeyed by God’s leave. If, when they have wronged themselves, they would but come to you and pray to God to forgive them, and the Messenger prayed for their forgiveness, they would surely find that God is the one to accept repentance, ever-merciful.
آية رقم 68
, and indeed guide them along a straight path.
But if good fortune comes to you from God, he is sure to say – just as if there had never been any question of love between you and him – ‘Oh, would that I had been with them; I would surely have had a [share in a] mighty triumph’.
Are you not aware of those who have been told, ‘Hold back your hands [from fighting], and attend regularly to prayer, and pay your zakat?’ When, at length, the order for fighting was issued to them, some of them stood in awe of men as one should stand in awe of God – or in even greater awe – and said, ‘Our Lord! Why have you ordered us to fight? If only You have granted us a delay for a little while!’ Say, ‘Brief is the enjoyment of this world, whereas the life to come is the best for all who are God-fearing. None of you shall be wronged by as much as a hair’s breadth’.
Wherever you may be death will overtake you, even though you be in towers built up strong and high. Yet, when a good thing happens to them, some [people] say, ‘This is from God’, whereas when evil befalls them, they say, ‘This is from you!’ Say, ‘All is from God’. What is amiss with these people that they are in no wise near to grasping the truth of what they are told?
If any matter pertaining to peace or war comes to their knowledge, they make it known to all and sundry; whereas, if they would only refer it to the Messenger and to those from among them entrusted with authority, those of them who are engaged in obtaining intelligence would know it. Were it not for God’s bounty to you, and His grace, all but a few of you would certainly have followed Satan.
Except in the case of those of them who have ties with people to whom you yourselves are bound by a covenant, or those who come to you because their hearts shrink from the thought of fighting you or fighting their own people. Had God so willed, He would have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. Therefore, if they leave you alone, and do not make war on you, and offer you peace, God has given you no way against them.
Never should a believer kill another believer, unless it be by mistake. He who kills a believer by mistake must free a believing soul from bondage and pay an indemnity to his family, unless they forgo it by way of charity. If the victim belonged to a people who are at war with you, while he himself was a believer, then let his killer free a believing soul from bondage. If he [the victim] belonged to a people with whom you are bound by a covenant, then the penalty is an indemnity to be paid to his family and the freeing of a believing soul from bondage. He who cannot afford the wherewithal must fast for two consecutive months. This is the atonement ordained by God. God is all-knowing, wise.
Believers, when you go on an expedition to serve the cause of God, use your discernment and do not – out of a desire for the fleeting gains of this worldly life - say to one who offers you the greeting of peace: “You are not a believer”: for with God are abundant gains. Thus have you been in days gone by. But God has bestowed on you His grace. Therefore, use your discernment. Indeed God is always aware of what you do.
Those of the believers who remain passive, other than the disabled, are not equal to those who strive hard in God’s cause with their possessions and their lives. God has exalted those who strive hard with their possessions and their lives far above the ones who remain passive. To each God has promised the ultimate good, yet God has preferred those who strive hard over those who remain passive with a mighty reward:
When you are with the believers and about to lead them in prayer, let one group of them stand up with you, holding on to their weapons. Then, after they have prostrated themselves, let them be behind you, while the other group, who have not yet prayed, shall come forward and pray with you, and let these be on their guard, holding on to their weapons. The unbelievers would love to see you oblivious of your weapons and your equipment, so that they might swoop on you with one assault. But it is no offence for you to lay down your arms [while you pray] if you are bothered by heavy rain, or suffering from illness; but you must always be on your guard. God has prepared humiliating suffering for the unbelievers.
We have bestowed this Book on you from on high, setting forth the truth, so that you may judge between people in accordance with what God has taught you. Hence, do not contend with those who betray their trust.
But as for him who, after guidance has been plainly conveyed to him, puts himself in contention with God’s Messenger and follows a path other than that of the believers – him shall We leave to that which he himself has chosen, and shall cause him to endure Hell. How evil a journey’s end.
, and shall certainly lead them astray, and fill them with vain desires; and I shall command them - and they will slit the ears of cattle [in idolatrous sacrifice]; and I shall command them – and they will corrupt God’s creation’. But all who take Satan rather than God for their master do incur a manifest loss.
آية رقم 120
He [Satan] holds out promises to them, and fills them with vain desires, but whatever Satan promises is meant only to deceive them.
آية رقم 121
Such as these have Hell as their dwelling place. They shall find no way to escape from it.
They ask you for rulings concerning women. Say, ‘God [Himself] gives you His rulings concerning them, as well as what is conveyed to you through this Book about orphan women whom you deny what has been assigned to them, and you are disinclined to marry them; and concerning helpless children, and about your duty to treat orphans with fairness. Whatever good you may do, God knows it fully.
In no way can you maintain equity between your wives, even though you may be keen to do so. Do not, then, be totally partial towards one to the exclusion of the other, leaving her, as it were, in a state of suspense. If you put things to rights and are God-fearing, God is indeed much-forgiving, ever-merciful.
Believers! Be ever steadfast in upholding equity, bearing witness to the truth for the sake of God, even though it be against yourselves, or your parents and kin. Whether the person concerned be rich or poor, God’s claim takes precedence over [the claims of] either of them. Do not, then, follow your own desires, lest you swerve from justice. If you distort [the truth] or decline to do justice, then [know that] God is indeed aware of all that you do.
[Hypocrites are] those who wait and watch what happens to you: if triumph comes to you from God, they say: ‘Were we not on your side?’ But if the unbelievers gain a success, they say [to them]: ‘Have we not earned your affection by defending you against those believers?’ It is God who will judge between you all on the Day of Resurrection. Never will God allow the unbelievers a way [to win a complete triumph] over the believers.
The people of earlier revelations ask you to have a book sent down to them from heaven. They asked Moses for something even greater than that, when they said: ‘Make us see God with our own eyes’. The thunderbolt smote them for this their wrongdoing. After that, they took to worshipping the calf, even after clear evidence of the truth had come to them. Yet We pardoned them that, and We gave Moses clear authority.
We raised Mount Sinai high above them in witness of their solemn pledge. And We said to them: ‘Enter the gate, prostrating yourselves’; and We also told them: ‘Do not break the Sabbath-law’; and We received from them a most solemn pledge.
And so, [We punished them] for the breaking of their pledge, their disbelief in God’s revelations, their killing of prophets against all right, and for their boast, ‘Our hearts are closed’. Indeed God sealed their hearts on account of their disbelief. As a result they have no faith except for a few of them.
آية رقم 156
And for their disbelief and the monstrous calumny they utter against Mary,
, and their boast: ‘We have killed the Christ Jesus, son of Mary, God’s messenger’. They did not kill him, and neither did they crucify him, but it only seemed to them [as if it had been] so. Those who hold conflicting views about him are indeed confused, having no real knowledge about it, and following mere conjecture. For, of a certainty, they did not kill him.
There is not one of the people of earlier revelations but will, at the moment of his death, believe in him, and on the Day of Resurrection he will bear witness to the truth against them.
So, then, for the wrongdoing of the Jews did We forbid them some of the good things of life which had been formerly allowed to them; and, indeed for their turning away often from God’s path,
, and for their taking usury although it had been forbidden to them, and their wrongful devouring of other people’s property. We have prepared for the unbelievers among them painful suffering.
; and as [We inspired other] messengers whom We have mentioned to you previously, as well as other messengers whom We have not mentioned to you. And God has spoken His word directly to Moses.
However it be, God [Himself] bears witness to the truth of what He has bestowed from on high to you: with His knowledge He bestowed it from on high; and the angels also bear witness to that; although God is sufficient as a witness.
People of earlier revelations! Do not overstep the bounds [of truth] in your religious beliefs, and do not say about God anything but the truth. The Christ Jesus, son of Mary, was no more than a messenger from God and His word which He gave to Mary and a soul from Him. So believe in God and His messengers and do not say, ‘[God is] a trinity!’ Desist, for that will be better for you. God is only One God. Infinite He is in His Glory! [To imagine] that He may have a son! To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on earth. Sufficient is God for a guardian.
They will ask you for a verdict. Say ‘God Himself gives you His ruling concerning [inheritance from] a person who leaves no heir in the direct line. If a man dies childless and has a sister, she shall inherit one-half of what he has left, just as he shall inherit all her [property] if she dies childless. But if there are two sisters, they shall both together have two thirds of whatever he has left; and if there are brothers and sisters, then the male shall have the equal of two females’ share. God makes all this clear to you, lest you go astray; and God knows everything’.
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